Chapter 4

Dietary cholesterol is found only in animal foods.
True
False

A person's blood level of cholesterol is a predictor of that person's risk of having a heart attack.
True
False

For the health of your heart, the fat you should avoid eating, most of all, is cholesterol.
True
False

The more monounsaturated fats you consume, the better it is for your health.
True
False

Fruits are essentially fat free.
True
False

In general, the softest margarines are the most polyunsaturated.
True
False

Polyunsaturated fat has the same number of calories as saturated fat.
True
False

All the foods you eat should contain less than 10 percent of calories from saturated fat.
True
False

No one is free of atherosclerosis.
True
False

Functions of Fats in the Body:

Fats in foods...

After eating, the body stores some fat as an ______ _______.

Excess _______ and _____ can be converted to fat, but they cannot be made from fat.

All of the following are functions of fat in the body except:
A. to provide energy B. to form components of cell membranes C. to insulate the body D. to store genetic information

One pound of body fat provides ____ calories.
A. 1,000 B. 2,500 C. 3,500 D. 4,000

Which of the following does not describe a function of fat?
A. It is a carrier of fat-soluble vitamins. B. It is an essential component of cell membranes C. It is the best source of energy for the brain D. It is a storage form of energy E. It adds flavor and aroma to food

What is satiety?

What is unsaturated fatty acid?

What is monounsaturated fatty acid?

What is an essential fatty acid?

What are the two types of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Cholesterol:

A. should, if possible, be avoided altogether. B. has no use in the human body. C. can be synthesized by the body D. has no relation to heart disease according to present-day research.

Types of lipoproteins include all of the following except:
A. HDL B. triglycerides C. VLDL D. chylomicrons

Types of lipoproteins:

Which lipoprotein is considered the "good" and "bad" cholesterol?

What is atherosclerosis?

Leading risk factors for heart disease you CAN change:

Leading risk factors for heart disease you CANNOT change:

All of the following are rich is polyunsaturated fat except:
A. safflower oil B. corn oil C. palm oil D. sunflower oil

Which type of lipoprotein transports newly digested fat from the intestine through the lymph and blood?
A. HDL B. LDL C. Chylomicron D. VLDL

How to determine the max. # of calories that should come from saturated fat in 1 day:

How to determine an/the acceptable range for total fat intake:

How to determine the max. amount of calories from fat:

What is required to be on a food label?

How many bonds do polyunsaturated fats have?

How many bonds do monounsaturated fats have?

What depends on if omega fats are good for you?

The American Heart Association diet recommends a total intake of no more than ____% of calories.
A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40

To adhere to dietary recommendations of the American Heart Association, cholesterol intake should be below ____ milligrams per day.
A. 200 B. 300 C. 350 D. 400

Health experts advise that you decrease consumption of foods rich in ____ and increase the intake of _____ to achieve a more healthful balance.
A. omega-6 fatty acids; omega-3 fatty acids B. saturated fat; cholesterol C. omega-3 fatty acids; omega-9 fatty acids D. chylomicrons; LDL

All of the following are correct about unsaturated fats except:
A. they may be monounsaturated or polyunsaturated B. they are usually liquid at room temperature C. they are found mostly in plants foods D. they belong to the sterol group of lipids

All of the following are correct about hydrogenation of oil except:
A. it makes the oil more saturated B. it makes the oil healthier to consume C. it makes the oil more solid D. it results in the formation of trans fatty acids

A major source of saturated fat in the U.S. diet is:
A. olive oil B. nuts C. cheese D. legumes

All of the following foods contain trans fatty acids except:
A. fast-food french fries B. shortening C. some margarines D. avocado

28. Which of the following fat replacers can inhibit the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins?
A. simplesse B. caprenin C. K-Blazer D. olestra

All of the following are correct about olestra except:
A. it is digestible.

B. it is an artificial fat.
C. it is a combination of sucrose and fatty acids.
D. it does not contribute calories to food.

All of the following are associated with higher HDL levels except:
A. non-smokers.
B. weight loss

C. men.
D. consumption of fish rather than meat.

Of the following factors, the most powerful influence on HDL levels is:
A. alcohol consumption.
B. regular exercise.

C. weight loss.
D. fiber consumption.

Which of these foods contains cholesterol?

A. peanut butter
B. corn oils
C. avocados
D. lean turkey

The single most important dietary factor that raises blood LDL-cholesterol levels is:
A. polyunsaturated fat B. cholesterol. C. saturated and trans fat. D. monounsaturated fat. E. fish oils.

A desirable level of total blood cholesterol in adults is:
A. < 200 mg/dL. B. 200 - 300 mg/dL. C. > 240 mg/dL. D. < 300 mg/dL.

Carregeenan, guar gum, xanthum gum, and malodextrins are all:
A. types of preservatives added to ground beef. B. carbohydrate-based fat replacers. C. protein-based fat replacers. D. types of chewing gum that do not promote tooth decay.

Caprenin and salatrim are:
A. protein-based fat replacers. B. carbohydrate-based fat replacers. C. fat-based fat replacers. D. fiber-based fat replacers.

All of the following are correct about Simplesse except:
A. it is made of lipids that are not absorbed by the body. B. it feels like fat in the mouth. C. creamy. D. it has only 1 to 2 calories per gram. E. it cannot be used for frying or baking.

One of the concern regarding Olestra is:
A. it increases the risk of obesity by providing 9 calories per gram. B. it increases the risk of high blood pressure in sensitive individuals. C. it can inhibit the absorption of some vitamins. D. it is hard to avoid because it is naturally found in foods.

Most people have well-developed plaques in their arteries by the time they are:
A. 30. B. 45. C. 65. D. 70

Which organ regulates the body's blood pressure?
A. heart B. kidney C. liver D. pancreas

All of the following are risk factors for heart disease except:
A. heredity. B. low HDL-cholesterol C. being a woman D. smoking

Why is heart disease the major cause of death among women after menopause? A. Because osteoporosis is so common and weakens the heart. B. Because women tend to eat more fat in their diets after they reach 55. C. Because low estrogen levels lower HDL and raise LDL.     D. Because menopause leads to the overproduction of chylomicrons.

High homocysteine levels are associated with more heart attacks and strokes. Which of the following can lower these levels?
A. Generous amounts of iron B. Generous amounts of the B vitamins C. Lowered intakes of sodium D. Eating 35 grams of fiber per day